小学英语动词讲解及专项训练 全国通用
小学英语动词讲解及专项训练
1.动词的定义：表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。表示动词的词如ask ,walk等
2.动词的分类：
（1）实义动词又叫行为动词，能独立做谓语：如open，hold , learn
（2）系动词又称连系动词，不能独立做谓语，后边必须接表语组成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等：be动词
（3）助动词，主要协助动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫做助动词。它本身没有词义，和实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态，也可构成否定或疑问结构：do、will、should、would
（4）情态动词，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。由于词义不完全，不能单独作谓语，要后接动词完成谓语部分：must、can、could、may、will
3.动词的基本形式
（1）动词原形：动词未经任何变化的原来形式。如：have、cut、see
（2）第三人称单数现在时：动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成和名词复数构成法相似。
A.直接加“s” ：read--reads leave---leaves
B.以e结尾的动词，直接加“s ”: come--comes close---closes
C.以s. x. sh. ch.o结尾的单词,加“es ” : watch---watches fix---fixes wash---washes go--goes
D.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变“y”为“i”, 再加“es” : cry---cries
E.以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“s” :play---plays
（3）过去式的变化规则：
A.直接加“ed” ：look--looked watch---watched
B.以e结尾的动词，直接加“d” : live--lived love--loved
C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变“y”为“i”, 再加“ed ”: cry---cried
D.以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接加“s ”:play---played
E.动词不规则变化表
Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Past tense
1. am, is was 2. keep kept
3. are were 4. let let
5. become became 6. make made
7. begin began 8. meet met
9. bite bit 10. put put
11. blow blew 12. read read
13. buy bought 14. ride rode
15. catch caught 16. run ran
17. come came 18. say said
19. cost cost 20. see saw
21. cut cut 22. sing sang
23.dig dug 24. sit sat
25.do did 26. sleep slept
27. draw drew 28. speak spoke
29. drink drank 30. sweep swept
31. eat ate 32. take took
33. fall fell 34.teach taught
35. feed fed 36. tell told
37.feel felt 38.think thought
39. fly flew 40. throw threw
41.forget forgot 42.understand understood
43. get got 44. give gave
45. wake woke 46. go went
47. wear wore 48. grow grew
49. win won 50. have/has had
51. write wrote 52. know knew
53 .break broke
